تعريف البروسيسور Processor :
هو المعالج المسئول عن اجراء كل العمليات التى تتم بالحاسب الالى ويقاس حجم البروسيسور بالنانو متر ويقاس سرعة البروسيسور بال جيجا هرتز
النانومتر هو جزء من مليار جزء من المتر. تستخدم هذه الوحدة لقياس الأطوال الصغيرة جداً؛ أي 1 مليمتر يحتوي مليون نانوز
الهرتز هو مقياس التردد سواء تردد صوتى او كهرومغناطيسى ويساوى 1 ثانية
الكيلو هرتز تعنى الف دورة فى الثانية
الميجا هرتز تعنى مليون دورة فى الثانية
الجيجا هرتز تعنى الف مليون دورة فى الثانية
والتيرا هرتز تعنى مليون مليون دورة فى الثانية.
كيفية قياس سرعة البروسيسور؟؟Processor Speed
يقاس بالتردد وكلما زاد التردد بالفعل يزيد سرعة البروسيسور ولكن يوجد عوامل اخرى تزيد من سرعة البروسيسور سنتناول شرحها:
Hyper-threadingتقنية تعمل تشغيل اكثر من عملية ف وقت واحد مما يترتب عليه توفير وقت العمليات فى المعالجة.
Turbo Boostتقنية تعمل على تغيير تردد المعالج او بالمعنى الاسهل تغيير سرعة البروسيسور فهى تسمح لنواة المعالج ان تعمل بتردد اعلى من ترددها الاساسى.
النواةCore : يحتوى كل بروسيسور على عدد من الانوية مثال رباعى النواة او ثنائى النواة فكلما زادت كلما زادت سرعة
المعالجة
الكاش ميمورىCash Memory: هى ذاكرة صغيرة الحجم تستخدم للأوامر المتكررة التى يستخدمها المعالج لتعطى اداء اسرع واسهل.
تردد المعالجFrequency GHZ: طبعا كلما زاد التردد كلما زادت السرعة وكلما زاد السعر طبعا للمعالج
جيل المعالج Generation of processor: كلما زاد الجيل كلما تطور البروسيسور فى حجمه الصغير
نتناول الان البروسيسور i7
معالج i7 تم تصميمه يحتوى على اربعة انوية لسرعة المعالجة Processor i7
وابتدا الجيل الاول Nehalem فى عام 2008 وتقدمت تكنولوجيا ال 45nm نانومتر
الجيل الثانى Sandy Bridge فى عام 2011 وتطور المعالج وقدم تكنولوجيا 32nm نانومترواصبح الكاش من 1حتى 8ميجا.
الجيل الثالث Ivy Bridge فى عام 2012 وقدمت تكنولوجيا 22nm نانومتر ومشكلة هذا الجيل من المعالج انه كان يظهر حرارة عالية عند الاستخدام.
الجيل الرابع Haswell فى عام 2013 اختلف الجيل الرابع عن جميع الاجيال السابقة فقد وفر طاقة كبيرة فى الاستخدام.
الجيل الخامس Broadwell فى عام 2014وتطور عام 2015 حيث قدم تكنولوجيا 14nm نانومتروقد لوحظ هذا التطور فى الاستخدام.
الجيل السادس Skylake فى عام 2015 وقد تفوق فى سرعته الهائلة على الجيل الخامس وتوفير طاقة اكثر وبدأت ظهور المعالجات التى تحمل حرف K وهى لكسر السرعة او لاستخدام ترددا على من التردد الاساسى.
الجيل السابع KabyLake صدر فى عام 2016 ولكن بسرعات معالجة Clock Speed وتقنية Turbo Boast لتعطى أداء اعلى مع الجرافيك وعروض ال4k وكسر سرعة البروسيسور.
الجيل الثامن Coffee Lake صدر فى عام 2017 وتميز بزيادة فى عدد الانويةCores فى المعاج وقدمت تكنولوجيا 14nm نانومتر واختلف هذا المعالج فى الاداء عن الجيل السابع بمقدار 40%.
الجيل التاسع Comet Lake صدرعام 2019 وياتى بثمان انوية مع مضاعف مفتوح وجميع معالجات الجيل التاسع تأتى بأفضل أداء للاعبى اللابتوب.
الجيل العاشر Ice Lake اطلقت شركة انتل معالجات الجيل العاشر والذى يمكنه الوصول الى تردد 3.6جيجا هرتز لكافة الانوية فى ان واحد والنواة الواحدة لديها القدرة على الوصول لكسر السرعة الى 4.1جيجا هرتز مع ذاكرة عشوائية من نوع DDR4 لترددات تصل الى 3200ميجا هرتز وييقدم اداء افضل فى عروض ال4k بعدد 60 اطار فى الثانية الواحدة بتقنيةHDR .
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